What is Itemized Deductions?
Itemized deductions are specific expenses the tax code lets you write off one by one, instead of taking the flat standard deduction. You itemize only when they add up to more than the standard amount.
How it works
You total them on Schedule A. The big categories are mortgage interest, state and local taxes (capped at $10,000), charitable contributions, and medical expenses above 7.5% of your AGI. If that total tops your standard deduction, itemizing lowers your taxable income further.
A quick example
What people get wrong
The $10,000 SALT cap catches a lot of people in high-tax states — you can't deduct more than $10,000 of state income and property tax combined, no matter how much you actually paid.